Integrated Marketing Communications Plan Free Essays

the surreal world :: essays research papers fc

Workmanship comes in a wide range of shapes and sizes. From drawing on a work area in secondary school to advanced workmanship on PCs, we don’t notice that craftsmanship encompasses us all over. In any case, there is one specific fine art that is picking up enthusiasm all through the world, and has been around for a considerable length of time. This fine art is known as Surrealism. Oddity is the main type of craftsmanship that genuinely lets you express your psyche the manner in which you need it to be communicated, without any cutoff points or limits. In Surrealism, there is no gravity, words stream like water, articles can fly in the boundless skies, and pictures can swim. Fundamentally, Surrealism has no principles; it is just the craftsman and his brain.      Around the mid 1900’s, not long after the First World War, a man by the name of Tristan Tzara detested war, and was nauseated by what occurred and why World War 1 began. Tzara felt that a general public that makes such turmoil as war doesn't merit workmanship. Be that as it may, his endeavor to embarrass the new advertisement world didn't go the manner in which he arranged. His enemy of craftsmanship became workmanship. The new clamorous, insubordinate pictures turned into the norm. This was known as the Dada Movement. The Dada development gradually blurred immediately and inexplicably, as a gathering of craftsmen thought the Dada Movement annihilated the endowment of what hundreds of years of specialists have learned and passed on about the specialty of craftsmanship. This is the point at which the Surrealist Movement started.      Surrealism, the development in writing and expressive arts, was set up by a French artist by the name of Andre Breton. The objective of this development was to stress the oblivious psyche in an innovative manner. It was to communicate the oblivious brain in an all the more systematic and genuine way. There are two gatherings of surrealists that framed all through this development. One of the gatherings is the Automatists. Automatists enjoyed a progressively imaginative way, they thought of their specialty as good for nothing. This isn't to state they didn’t care about their specialty, however they basically didn't have a meaning of what they made. They accepted that is was programmed the path pictures from the inner mind came to the cognizant.      The other gathering of Surrealist are known as the Veristic Surrealists. The Veristics basically were nearly equivalent to the Automatists. But, the Veristics saw importance in their work. The Veristics thought of their fine art as a representation for an inward reality. the dreamlike world :: expositions inquire about papers fc Craftsmanship comes in a wide range of shapes and sizes. From drawing on a work area in secondary school to advanced workmanship on PCs, we don’t notice that craftsmanship encompasses us all over. In any case, there is one specific artistic expression that is picking up enthusiasm all through the world, and has been around for quite a long time. This fine art is known as Surrealism. Oddity is the main type of workmanship that genuinely lets you express your psyche the manner in which you need it to be communicated, without any cutoff points or limits. In Surrealism, there is no gravity, words stream like water, items can fly in the boundless skies, and pictures can swim. Essentially, Surrealism has no guidelines; it is just the craftsman and his brain.      Around the mid 1900’s, not long after the First World War, a man by the name of Tristan Tzara hated war, and was disturbed by what occurred and why World War 1 began. Tzara felt that a general public that makes such tumult as war doesn't merit craftsmanship. In any case, his endeavor to mortify the new advertisement world didn't go the manner in which he arranged. His enemy of workmanship became craftsmanship. The new turbulent, defiant pictures turned into the norm. This was known as the Dada Movement. The Dada development gradually blurred immediately and inexplicably, as a gathering of craftsmen thought the Dada Movement devastated the endowment of what hundreds of years of specialists have learned and passed on about the art of craftsmanship. This is the point at which the Surrealist Movement started.      Surrealism, the development in writing and expressive arts, was built up by a French writer by the name of Andre Breton. The objective of this development was to stress the oblivious brain in an imaginative manner. It was to communicate the oblivious brain in an all the more systematic and genuine way. There are two gatherings of surrealists that framed all through this development. One of the gatherings is the Automatists. Automatists enjoyed a progressively innovative way, they thought of their craft as good for nothing. This isn't to state they didn’t care about their craft, however they essentially didn't have a meaning of what they made. They accepted that is was programmed the path pictures from the inner mind came to the cognizant.      The other gathering of Surrealist are known as the Veristic Surrealists. The Veristics essentially were nearly equivalent to the Automatists. But, the Veristics saw importance in their work. The Veristics thought of their fine art as an analogy for an inward reality.

How to Write the Perfect Process Analysis Essay (With a Sample Essay)

How to Write the Perfect Process Analysis Essay (With a Sample Essay) A process analysis essay is a kind of expository essay that explains the process or actions someone needs to take to complete a task. You can think of it like a recipe, stating all of the necessary ingredients and steps, allowing the reader to follow along in logical order.A process analysis essay can be written about a wide scope of topics, from highly technical processes to cleaning and organizing your closet. Writing a process analysis essay forces you to slow down and consider every tool and step involved in completing a task, and then explain whats needed in logical order for your reader to do the same.Writing a process analysis essay forces you to slow down and consider every tool and step involved in completing a task, and then explain whats needed in logical order. Photo by Med Badr Chemmaoui on Unsplash.Format of a process analysis essayFor this type of essay assignment, you will not be following the traditional five-paragraph essay outline. There is still an introduction an d body to your essay, but your conclusion is more like the analysis part and the essay will end when youve completed explaining the steps involved in a process. Below, well break down exactly what should be included in each of these parts. Also keep in mind that you can still create an outline before beginning writing your process analysis essay, although it might look more like a list of bullet points rather than a traditional five-paragraph essay outline.IntroductionThe introduction to your process analysis essay will include information about the process you are analyzing and why it is important. This will likely be the shortest part of your essay. If there is a unique history to the process youll be analyzing, the introduction is where you might mention that. You basically want to use this paragraph as a brief introduction to your reader of 1) what process youll be analyzing and 2) how or why that process might be useful information to know.BodyThe body of your process analysis essay will mention any prerequisites, materials, or instruments needed to complete the process. It should also mention any risks or warnings involved that are relevant to the process. Its important to include everything that the reader will need to complete the process, and even extra tools that might help the process go smoother but are not necessary. For example, in the sample process analysis essay provided below on how to make apple butter, I included a spoon to stir the butter as part of the list of tools that will be needed. Additionally, I mentioned that a food processor will make the apple butter cook better and have a more butter-like consistency, but its not necessary to have as a tool to cook apple butter.AnalysisFollowing these sections, youll write the actual process in sequential order required to complete the task. Make sure you include transitional words within and between paragraphs, as these are required to show the sequence of the process in logical order. Your an alysis will likely be across several paragraphs, so make sure each paragraph describes a separate part of the process to avoid confusion for your reader.Sample process analysis essayTo show you how a process analysis essay might look, weve provided a sample essay that includes the separate sections discussed above. Notice that the introduction paragraph is short, providing basic information about the process that will be discussed, while the remaining paragraphs are longer and more detailed.Below is a sample process analysis essay explaining how to make apple butter. Photo by Aarón Blanco Tejedor on Unsplash.Sample essayApple butter is similar to apple sauce but is different in that it is highly concentrated and used more often as a butter-like topping on bread or crackers. Its cooked long and slow, allowing the sugar in the apples to caramelize and turn it a deep brown color.To make apple butter, you will need a slow cooker, food processor, cutting board, peeling knife, large spoo n, apples, sugar, and spices for the desired flavoring (usually cinnamon and nutmeg). You might also want to use an apple slicer, which cuts down on the preparation time. Note that when you begin cooking your apple butter, the more minced the peeled apples are, the smoother the final product will be. If you want your apple butter to have a true butter-like consistency, mince the apples well in the food processor before cooking.Now, lets look at the process of cooking apple butter. To begin, prepare a large, clean space for cutting and processing the apples. Five to six cups of fresh apples will likely only result in a few cups (at most) of apple butter, so depending on how much butter you want to make, you could be peeling and preparing apples for several hours. Each apple will need to be sliced, peeled, and minced in a food processor for maximum butter-like consistency.Next, add the minced apples to a slow cooker and place the slow cooker on high. You will notice that the top of th e mixture is watery, once the larger pieces settle. Add sugar and spices until you reach the taste you want for the apple butter. Keep in mind that apples vary in sweetness, depending on what type of apple you are using, and sugar can be added slowly throughout the cooking process. Be careful not to add too much sugar at first, as the butter will get sweeter as the apples cook down. In fact, you might even choose to not at sugar at all at this stage of the cooking process, especially if you want a final product that is not too sweet. The spices can also be added as the apple butter cooks or not at all (if thats your preference). Be sure to stir every 10-15 minutes during the first hour as the apple butter is cooking on high and let it cook uncovered.After one hour of cooking on high, turn the slow cooker to low and cover it. Depending on the type of apple you have used, it should cook for 8-10 hours, until there is no water left at the top and around the sides of the slow cooker. Du ring this slow cooking time, stir occasionally (once per hour should be fine). This is also when the apple butter makes your kitchen smell amazing!Finally, when the apple butter has reached the consistency and taste you want, remove it from the slow cooker. If you choose to can the apple butter, you can do that immediately or keep the apple butter in the refrigerator until you are able to can it.

Outcomes Of Alternative And Complementary Therapy On Older...

Outcomes of Alternative and Complementary Therapy on Older Adults Receiving Palliative Care 104591505 University of Windsor Outcomes of Alternative and Complementary Therapy on Older Adults Receiving Palliative Care Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is becoming more frequently integrated with traditional medicine, however, the efficacy of CAM on the psychosocial and physical well-being of patients receiving palliative care is still being investigated. CAM improves palliative care for Canadians by enhancing communication, therapeutic relationships, well-being, and provides older adults with a higher holistic perspective. Nursing practice also benefits from identifying complementary therapies because this medicine is feasible,†¦show more content†¦Each session was conducted by the same interviewer, a licensed social worker with fifteen years’ experience in older adult healthcare needs. In addition, the information remains credible through the authors expertise in various domains. Hansen is the regional vice president of clinical operations at the Meriter Health Services Incorporated in Madison, Wisconsin. Enright is a professor in the department of education psychology a t the University of Wisconsin-Madison and has a Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in Education Psychology at the University of Minnesota in 1976, obtained a Bachelor’s of Art degree (BA) in Psychology at the university of Massachusetts-Westfield in 1973, and has an expertise in teaching courses in moral development with an emphasis on the psychology of forgiveness. Baskin is an associate professor in the department of Education Psychology at the University of Wisconsin- Milwaukee that achieved a PhD in Counselling Psychology at the University of Wisconsin-Madison in 2004, a Master’s degree (MS) in Counselling at California State University, a Bachelor’s of Science (BS) in Economic Development and Technology from the University of California, and has an expertise in the benefits of forgiveness on angry students. The final author, Klatt, is a professor in the department of Education Psychology at the University ofShow MoreRelatedSymptoms And Symptoms Of Cancer Related Fa tigue972 Words   |  4 Pagesbehavioral therapy), complementary and alternative therapy (yoga, acupuncture). Pharmacological intervention includes medication that had been used in the management of CRF such psychostimulants, and corticosteroids (Bower, 2014). The PICO question was â€Å"What is the effect of using evidence based non-pharmacological intervention versus pharmacological intervention in the management of cancer-related fatigue in adults (18 years or older) diagnosed with cancer receiving either curative or palliative chemotherapyRead MoreMental Illness Is A Broad Category1776 Words   |  8 Pagescorrect combination of medications to control their symptoms. Because of these terrible events, it’s important that other complementary and alternative medicines are explored and made available to help patients that are in need. An important type of complementary and alternative medicine that an individual experiencing any form of mental illness can choose to do, is Animal-Assisted Therapy (AAT). According to the article, â€Å"Can Animals Help Humans Heal? Animal-Assisted Interventions in Adolescent MentalRead MoreThe Correlation Between Two Hardships1506 Words   |  7 Pages Imagine your older sister was just diag nosed with Leukemia. How does that make you feel? How do you think she feels? I wanted to research the thoughts and feelings someone who has cancer might go through. From the research, I found depression to play a big role in the outcome of the patient’s therapies and quality of life with cancer. In fact, a study shows there is a direct correlation between the two, which is quite fascinating; it amazes me how the brain, the body, and the unconsciousRead MoreLiterature Review of Pain Management in Dementia.4900 Words   |  20 PagesREVIEW. Abstract Within the dementia care environment, it is my experience that it is often unclear to nursing staff as to appropriate assessment and management of pain for clients in the palliative stage of their illness. 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Benefits Of Exercising And Physical Therapy For The Elderly

The Benefits of Exercising and Physical Therapy for the Elderly â€Å"According to findings of a study from the University of Dundee, the most powerful ‘deterrent’ among the over 65 are a lack of interest and disbelief that exercise can enhance and lengthen life† (Murphy). What most of the elderly do not understand is that being sedentary is anything but beneficial. Being physically inactive can inevitably lead to one s demise. It can cause bone deterioration, a higher risk of Alzheimer, a higher risk of diabetes, and low life expectancy. But, by joining fitness centers and taking part in physical therapy, the elderly can improve on their memory and driving skills, improve on their mobility, improve the quality of their lives, and become less dependent on others. While exercising and physical therapy play a positive role among the aged population, one’s daily food choices can have a strong impact on their overall health. In order to reduce the risk of heart disease, strokes, type 2 diabetes, bone loss, cancer, and anemia, a healthy diet is necessary (Source 5). Gaining the daily nutrients required for a healthy diet is imperative. One must intake vitamins, minerals, proteins, and carbohydrates, which will allow energy levels to rise and create an overall healthy individual. However, consuming too many calories may lead to extra weight, which inevitably leads to an increase risk of disease and joint problems. The nutrients required for the body to obtain energy includeShow MoreRelatedEssay On Exercise As Treatment For Depression1435 Words   |  6 Pagescontribute to emotional and physical problems, which decreases an individual’s capability to function normally at work or home. An increased number of people suffer from depress ion annually (Brosse et al., 2002). Most of the patients receive treatment from their primary care providers. Mostly, treatment for depression in primary care settings involves pharmacological therapy only. Evidence has shown that an inclusion of cognitive-behavioral therapies, mainly physical exercise, can improve the healthRead MoreGerontologic Considerations of Diabetes Mellitus1500 Words   |  6 Pages(Salpeter, Khalaileh, Weinberg-Corem, Ziv, Glaser, and Dor, 2013) Another study suggests that diminished insulin sensitivity in the elderly is multifactoral as well. (Chen, Bergman, Pacini, Porte, Jr., 1985) Factors contributing to altered carbohydrate metabolism in aging include obesity and a progressive decline in physical activity. (Lewis et al., 2011) Lastly, the elderly also may take medications that treat comorbidities that effect insulin and glucose. Some of these include coreg, lipitor, corticosteroidsRead MoreSwimming Is The Best Form Of Exercise893 Words   |  4 Pag esaction of swimming dates back for centuries and is healthy activity that cuts through boundaries such age and physical disabilities. There are numerous types of exercises but when evaluating them all, it is easy to see why swimming is the best exercise. Swimming is the best form of exercise because it is not limited by age or abilities, and it has many psychological and physical benefits (â€Å"Swimming†). Swimming can be beneficial to people despite ages and abilities. While swimming, the body is supportedRead MoreGerontology Case Study1604 Words   |  7 PagesGerontology is the scientific study of old age, the process of aging, and the particular problems of old people. With maturation the elderly suffer from age-related changes that effect their overall health and day to day living. Even those these changes provide limitations that can be lived with, these changes can also exacerbate many medical conditions. The elderly client I decided to evaluate, H.J.is a 76 year old african american female, that has a past medical history of chronic heart failureRead MoreHow to Reduce or Delay Osteoporosis Essay example1455 Words   |  6 Pagesduring normal daily activities such as lifting a heavy object or rolling over in bed. Whether someone will develop osteoporosis or loss of bone, known as osteopenia, depends on the thickness of the bones early in life, as well as health, diet, and physical activity later in life.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The exact cause of osteoporosis is not known. However, osteoporosis has been linked to the natural process of aging and to the decreased production of estrogen in women and testosterone in men. Not getting adequateRead MoreElder Paper - Physical Activity/Exercise. All Individuals,1476 Words   |  6 PagesElder Paper - Physical Activity/Exercise All individuals, especially elders, benefit (both physically and mentally) from being physically active Defining the terms, physical activity is â€Å"any body movement produced by skeletal muscles that expand energy† (cite course PowerPoint). Per the course PowerPoint (cite with year 2013), exercise is the â€Å"planned, structured and repetitive body movement accomplished to maintain or improve one or more components of physical fitness.† The fitness levels determineRead MoreAfrican Americans : Low Quality Insurance, Poverty, And Treatment Of Mental Illnesses Essay1523 Words   |  7 Pagesencounters from professionals in the past. In order to decrease the symptoms of schizophrenia in African-Americans, clinicians can promote wellness, such as exercising, practicing healthy dietary behaviors and improving medication adherence to improve health outcomes. Other than mental illnesses, African-Americans are at risk of having other physical diseases such high blood pres sure, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases than Caucasians. African-Americans may believe the causes of schizophrenia mayRead MoreAquatic Therapy : A Type Of Physical Therapy Essay1551 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction: Aquatic therapy is a type of physical therapy that is done on water instead of land. Aquatic therapy can include water weights, exercises in the water, and water aerobics. Some programs will combine both land and water exercises, and others will be just aquatic exercises. Aquatic therapy takes the weight off people so people are not bearing on all their body weight like they are on land which is called buoyancy.1 Aquatic therapy can be used for many different types of illnesses, diseasesRead MoreDepression And Its Effects On Depression1411 Words   |  6 Pagespsychiatrist will swear that antidepressants really have helped many of his or her depressed patients† (Depression 2015). â€Å"Meanwhile, there are also many patients, equally depressed, who obtain little or no benefit from antidepressants, and a large number of carefully conducted studies that find little benefit in the active ingredients of these pills, once placebo effects are factored out.† (Depression, 2015) . Placebo effect is improvement in the condition of a patient that occurs in response to treatmentRead MoreThe Geriatric Population Essay1386 Words   |  6 Pagesas anyone over the age of 65 but this is not universal and depending on which country you live in it can be as young as 50 years of age which is the case in Africa (Definition of an older or elderly person, n.d.). It is extremely important for health care workers to encourage a healthy lifestyle in the elderly population and educate them on healthy personal choices because it can reduce frailty and ill-health in the older population which would lead to savings for the health care system and also personal

When Help Turns to Abuse Free Essays

I can remember the conversation as if it was yesterday. While in a grocery store walking in the grocery aisle, I overheard a woman talking to another woman and her husband. The part that caught my attention was the young lady saying, â€Å"I can get you the cheese, milk, and eggs with my WIC, and all you have to do is give me the money when we leave the store. We will write a custom essay sample on When Help Turns to Abuse or any similar topic only for you Order Now † I knew this wasn’t right, so I made sure I was at the check-out counter to see if what I overheard was true. To my surprise, the young woman paid for things using a check like piece of paper and waited for the couple to leave the store. In the parking lot, I witnessed the young lady giving the couple the bags that she left the store with and they handed her some cash. For this and many other reasons I would like to propose that people that receive this state appointed assistance should have a time limit on how much they can receive. Doing research on the assistance that is afforded to individuals, I learned how and why these programs were implemented. For instance, the WIC (Women, Infant, and Children) program was established in 1968 after a group of physicians described to the Department of Health, Education and Welfare, and also the USDA that young women, often pregnant, came to their clinics with various ailments that were caused by lack of food. Those doctors would prescribe the needed foods, with prescription acting like a food voucher (Women, Infant and Children. gov). In this new day and age the program isn’t respected like in the past. The purpose of the program has taken a turn for the worse. Where the program gives women a chance for a better nutritional way to feed their family, some take the route of scamming the government. Per the conversation I overheard, I use it as my main point on why there should be a limited amount of time placed on this for both women and men. Right now women can receive this assistance until their child reaches the age of five. While not all women abuse the system, the small amounts that do leave a nasty pill to swallow for those that don’t. Being put in the same category as a cheater give some mothers a bad rap. My proposal to put these people on a timetable may not seem fair to some, but it will give these women a chance to help feed their families and also give them a chance to become independent on themselves instead of the government. As long as these women continue to have child after child before the first one reaches five, we the tax payers have to support the system that is being abused. For each program the person is on, I propose that we give them education and job training. This will help them get off the program and develop a sense of worth. Instead of hand outs, let the government give hand ups. Making them accountable for more than just receiving a check or voucher will instill values in that person. Don’t get me wrong, I do believe that we should help those that cannot help themselves. I believe that we shouldn’t just give help without checking to see how the recipients are doing with this help. While finding a clear cut way to track the applicants is a good way to start with this help. For instance, if the social worker sees a trend that a person turns up pregnant six months from the end of benefits multiple times may send up red flags that the system may be abused by that person. This is a way of tracking and putting them in a category as maybe this person is abusing the system. As a taxpayer, seeing these people going to work would be a great accomplishment. RN Eugenie Hildebrant, author of Impoverished Women with Children and no Welfare Benefits states,† It is important that public health researchers investigate the experiences of the families for whom Temporary Assistance for Needy Families has failed† (793). This comes from her opinion that the system isn’t giving the families the help they really need. Helping them with education and a way off the system will help them more than the handout they are receiving. Families that want to better themselves will try to get off the program. Being undereducated and entering an under skilled workforce may cause more harm than good to the family. Realizing their children will grow up poor or in poor health they have no choice but to get back on the system. The main issue on this is at least they tried to make a go of it before they had to come back onto the program. Offering job training may be a way to help families on the program. It would give them a sense of pride in themselves and not the feeling of relying on the system for a chance to help their family. The training will get them off the program in two years with job training and the much needed education to have a well paying job. As far as Douglas Wolf, a research scholar at the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis states, â€Å"Underreporting or completely failing to report earnings to a welfare agency is a way of welfare fraud† (The Dynamics of Welfare Fraud) (438). For the government to realize that some participants will this, then the system should have the right to monitor them. Getting the applicants a job, the system will be able to monitor the pay for a year. This way if you continue to work plus receive assistance, the assistance can be cut if you are getting a steady paycheck. Once a steady paycheck is coming in, your assistance will be evaluated to determine if it will be terminated. If for some reason the job does not offer any type of medical assistance for you or your children, the system will continue to pay you the medical portion. If you stay at the job for two years in good standings and you receive a good income then you will be cut from the program. Once you have been released from the program if you lose your job due to anything beyond your control you may reapply for assistance until another job can be found for you. If you have lost the job and it was because you were not in good standings with the employer, then the system will make you reapply and the assistance you receive should be short term. They have already given you the skills needed to get a job so you shouldn’t be able to rely on the system again long term. Pushing them to find another job should be the systems main focus on getting them back into society and providing for their family. Some may say what happens at the end of two years? It is tempting to pretend that if we just invested adequate resources, two years of intensive education and job training could make every single mother education and job training could make every single mother economically self-sufficient. But while that will surely be true for some, it will never be true for all. Unless we want another round of welfare reform that fails, we need to be realistic about the options open to us. Contrary to what many politicians claim, the big obstacle to making single mothers economically self-sufficient is seldom the shortage of jobs. During recessions, of course, jobs are hard to find. When the economy is healthy, minimum-wage jobs are relatively easy to find. The problem is that a minimum-wage job will not make a single mother economically self-sufficient. There is endless controversy about how much money single mothers need to make ends meet. Absent fathers seem to imagine that these families can live on air. My proposal is the most likely effect of time limits is that they will reduce the receipt of welfare benefits among single parents. The loss of welfare income might improve outcomes for children and families by reducing the stigma of public assistance receipt. In a way, the U. S. welfare system actually makes poverty more attractive, perhaps even to those who would otherwise have been motivated to work and support themselves. Do not decrease their motivation to work rather, give them the opportunity to participate more productively in their society. The issue that comes with the WIC program and any other government program is why have it for people to abuse it? The program is in place to help those that need it the most. Unfortunately you have those that take advantage of the system as well as those who use the system to provide for their families. I have come to the realization that the programs should have limitations to it. As part of the working class, I feel that those on assistance should be given a time limit for being in the program. The system helps some, but those that take advantage should be punished. How to cite When Help Turns to Abuse, Papers

PepsiCo and Coca-Colas Essay Example

PepsiCo and Coca-Colas Paper The purpose of this report is to analyze and learn from PepsiCo and Coca-Colas entry into the Indian market. It involves many international marketing aspects, including the impacts of Indias political environment on both companies success causing them to enter at different times result in different effects, to respond in many ways to the enormity of India, discuss their glocalization strategies and Coca-Colas mistakes in India. Political environment in India For the government of India fulfilled some austere trade policies, rules and regulations before the year 1990, PepsiCo and Coca-Colas entry into the Indian market was its political environment as a result of major obstacle. Indian government was only interested in the high-tech sectors for foreign investment. It was almost entirely prohibited to invest customer goods sectors. That was Principle of Indigenous Availability, which policy banning imports being sold in India. Due to this political environment, Coca-Cola had withdrawn from the Indian market in 1977. We will write a custom essay sample on PepsiCo and Coca-Colas specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on PepsiCo and Coca-Colas specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on PepsiCo and Coca-Colas specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The new government of India was founded in June 1991. In order to expand liberalization of the Indian economy, new government introduced some new industrial policies, such as bureaucracy and regulation to foreign direct investment. These policies intended to dismantle complicated trade rules and regulations, foreign investment increased dramatically, beneficiary industries included processed foods, software, engineering plastics, electronic equipment, power generation and petroleum generation. Pepsi and Coca-Cola were required many India laws, for example, foreign businesses were prohibited use of foreign brand names on products selling within the Indian market. Therefore, Pepsi became Lehar Pepsi, Coco-Cola became Coca-Cola India. Also, designed as obstacles to impede foreign business, for example, sales of soft drink concentrate to local bottlers could not exceed 25 per cent of total sales for the new venture. Because of the lack of consistency in the legal environment, Coco-Cola agreed to sell off 49% of its stocks to Indian investors as a condition of entering in order to buy out Indian bottlers in 2002. It was most controversial agreement. Because of this time limit had been extended once already, Coca-Cola asked for a second extension that would delay it until 2007 was refused. Coco-Cola though by the Foreign Investment Promotion Board wanted to block the votes of the Indian shareholders who would control 49% of Coca-Cola. But all previous lobbying became useless. The government of India lacked solid institutions leading to corruption. In contrast to Coca-Cola, Pepsi had entered India in a different year under a different set of rules. The above of these effects could not be anticipated prior to Indian market entry. The political environment was inconsistent with some policies and laws. Indias emerging market is a lacking of harmony. It mixed with discordant tones. The interest clashed with Indian government. These interests often were conflict with some political issues. These policies were often related to economic, environment and social problems. Resolving these problems was in the interests of whom including a large number of consumers, environmentalists and lobbies. Accordingly, foreign companies wanted to enter Indian market successfully that usually required carefully. It must be consider all the stringent rules and local policies, for instance equity stakes under the new rules from 40 per cent to 51 per cent. Local have a free media and democratic political system. These will be beneficial to support or protest behavior for many long-established international companies. For Coco-Cola, it could only agree to start new bottling plants instead of buying out Parle, and thus had to agree to sell 49% of equity. Pepsi was not held to a disinvestment rule because it had opted to set up several bottling units. Timing of entry into the Indian market Earlier market entry PepsiCo lodged a joint venture application to enter India in July 1986. It had selected two local partners, Voltas and Punjab Agro. This application was approved under the name Pepsi Foods Ltd by the government of Rajiv Gandhi September 1988. In 1986, following Coca-Colas departure, Parle became the market leader in India. The local main competitors were only Parle and Pure. In addition to the demand for carbonated drink in Indian was very low, in 1989, the average Indian was buying only three bottles a year. Advantages Due to lacking of Indias competitiveness in soft drinks industry, PepsiCos entry would enhance competitive advantage and promote the development of soft drinks in Indian market. It could be helpful to find more opportunities for PepsiCo. Many opportunities for the Indian market contributed to the development of enterprise. Pepsi had learnt from the experiences of Coca-Cola. Pepsi seized the Indian market as soon as possible. Through the adoption of measures, the use of joint venture with local groups to lobby the Indian government. Thus PepsiCo would be easier to build up their reputation and loyalty to associate with establishing priorities. In possession of good honor and admire, the degree of brand popularity was greater of the other competitors. The continuous development of PepsiCo was able to gain a foothold in the market before Coco-Cola entered the market. Pepsi gained 26% market share by 1993. Disadvantages The development of PepsiCo became more slowly due to infrastructure was not enough imperfections in early India. The crumbling infrastructure also improved the investment risks and costs at that time. The cost of exploration greatly increased influenced by Indias political environment. For example, Pepsi was forced to change their name to Lehar Pepsi. Also, Indian government limited their drink sales to less than 25% of total sales. This policy would help PepsiCo to struggle to fight off local competitions. Later marketing entry Coca-Cola Corporation had been present in the Indian market from 1958 until its withdrawal in 1977. Due to the government of India require Coca-Cola hand over its secret formula for the syrup so that it chose to leave India rather than cut its equity stake to 40 per cent. At that time there were many opportunities for the Indian market. The Coca-Cola inevitably became the market leader. But Coca-Cola was only a distant memory to most Indians. In spite of that Coca-Cola succeeded creating a 100%-owned soft drinks company (Coca-Cola India) in 1993 and then ultimately aligning with the Indian market leader (Parle) in June 1993. Advantages At this time the Indian market has already a relatively sound infrastructure so that Coca-Colas investment risk reduced. In July 1993, Coca-Cola was able to buy 4 bottling plants from industry leader Parle. Coca-Cola also bought Parles leading brands including Thums UP, Limca, Citra, Gold Spot and Mazza. Later Coca-Cola again set up 2 new ventures with Parle to bottle and market products. By 2002, Coca-Cola owned 30 bottling plants, 10 franchisees and held a 56 per cent market share of the national soft drink market in India. The Coca-Cola once again was market leader. Disadvantages The capacity of the soft drink market in India was becoming smaller increasingly. Coca-Cola the twice to return to the Indian market in 1993, but faced Indian beverage market is old rival PepsiCo. In May 1990, the government of India has also been turned down Coca-Cola just as Pepsi was approved. Hence, Coca-Cola had difficultly to establish market share with PepsiCo there. Obstruction by the policy, Coca-Cola was not allowed to buy back 49% of equity. So it did not relate very well to the government of India. Furthermore, Coca-Cola had reported losses in India since its return there in 1993. Responses to the sheer scale of operations in India Pepsi and coca-cola responded in many ways to the enormity of India in terms of population and geography. The following is about the sheer scale of operations ways. Product policies In order to cater to Indian consumer tastes, PepsiCo and Coca-Cola launched different products. Entering with products closed to those already available in India, such as colas, fruit drinks and carbonated waters. They used a variety of tastes and created multi-brand strategy. In order to encourage growth in demand for bottled beverages in the Indian market, introducing new products such as bottled ware (Coca-Colas brand is Kinley and Pepsi Foods brand is Aquafina). They launched their own brand in a new category, such as clear lime category (Coke-Sprite, Pepsi-7UP). Coco-Cola merged with Parle and two new ventures set up to bottling plants and both companies products. Promotional activities Both PepsiCo and Coca-Cola used advertising and promotional strategy in India. During the cultural festival of Navrartri, PepsiCo sponsored Navrartri celebration in annual. Some promotion ways, every refill of a case of Pepsi gave away one kilo of Basmati rice or a packet of Kit-Kat and Polos candy free. Coco-Cola offered free passes, coke giveaways as well as vacations to Goa. They used seasonal sales promotions and the success of their seasonal advertising campaigns through researching marketing in different campaigns and areas of India. The successful promotions included Pepsis sponsorship of cricket and football from the world cup. Coca-Colas lifestyle advertising as a method of building brand loyalty among its target market: India A appealed to young urbanites; India B appealed to rural areas. Coca-Cola used of local characteristics and to introduce new Mini size to launch the affordability plank campaign. Pricing policies Coco-cola reduced prices by 15%-25% to encourage consumption to try to compete with Pepsi and gain market share in 2003. Through the introduction of a mini size by Coca-Cola increased total volume of sales. Pepsi was forced to match these price reductions. It introduced returnable glass bottles for customers to recoup costs. Pepsi started out with an aggressive pricing policy to try to get immediate market share from Indian competitors Distribution arrangements The demand grew with the increase of the value of regions and customers, along with new products were added. Both Coca-Cola and PepsiCo were able to gain market share. Coca-Colas production plants and bottling centers placed in large cities all around India, such as Delhi, Mumbai, Ahmedabad and Surat. PepsiCos marketing and distribution were focused in the north and west around the major cities of Delhi and Mumbai. Coca-Cola and Pepsis Glocalization Glocalization refer to globalization and localization. Make use of the product or service global meet consumer in a local market, in order to emphasize that the globalization of product or service is more likely to succeed if they adapted specifically to each locality or culture. PepsiCo and Coca-Cola both companies have successfully implemented glocalization. Pepsis Glocalization PepsiCo lodged a joint venture application to enter India with two local partners, Voltas and Punjab Agro, and forming Pepsi Foods Ltd in 1988. In 1990, Pepsi Food products were promoted under the name Lehar Pepsi to conform with foreign collaboration rules. After that Pepsi launched its Lehar 7UP in the clear lemon category in keeping with local tastes. PepsiCo was also actively integrated into the Indian cultural festival. Navrartri is a traditional festival held in the town of Gujarat which lasts for nine days. During the cultural festival of Navrartri, PepsiCo used advertising to promote their products. PepsiCos most effective glocalization strategy had been sponsoring world famous Indian sports events, such as cricket and football. Coco-Colas Golcalization By 1993, Coca-Cola formed alliance with the market leader Parle made four major cities (Delhi, Mumbai, Ahmedabad and Surat) in bottling plants and five major leading brands. During the culture festival of Navrartri, Coco-Colas free passes issued to the celebration in each of Thums Up bottles. Also offered special promotions where people could win free vacations to Goa. Coco-Cola also hired several famous Bollywood actors to publicize their products. Those commercials were impressive. Coca-Cola Indias mistakes Coca-Cola entered Indian market at the wrong time. Due to entering at that time, Coca-Cola must agree to abide by all the Foreign Investment Laws and the political environment in India, such as local stringent conditions, foreign collaboration rules, prohibited use of foreign brand names and disinvestment clause and so on. In January 2002, Coco-cola India wanted to expand investment, but the Indian government provides that the company must be the original 100% owned holding company (HCCHPL), of which 49% of equity sold to the local investment within two years as a condition. Since then Coco-Cola had asked for extensions twice, Indian government granted the first extension, but denied the second. Coco-Cola India tried to deny voting rights to its new Indian shareholders. But FIPB denies this again. Coca-Cola India repeatedly required to reduce disinvestment rule requirements in order to allow Indians into the industry, and expectations delist their shares altogether, effectively making their Indian operations wholly owned subsidiaries. Coco-Cola should not have tried to weasel their way out of promises. These mistakes hurt Coca-Colas image and reputation as an International company. Coca-Cola should set the pace for the entire multinational company. Coco-cola should have been more careful to wait patiently when it entered the Indian market and Coca-Cola was a promising. Conclusion In conclusion, PepsiCo and Coca-Cola had succeeded to enter Indian market and to implement glocalization to adapt the local culture. Through to research the market and trends prior to entering the Indian market, they had been fully aware of the history, geography, political, and legal considerations. Some key lessons can use the experience of Coca-Cola and PepsiCo for reference. It is worthy of learning from some companies as it contemplates entry into other big emerging markets. These are many active approaches can take to help ensure success in the foreign market.